Silver Purity Marks Explained: 925, 950, 800 & UK Hallmarks | Date Letters 2025

Silver Purity Marks Explained

Silver purity marks and British hallmarks explained
Silver fineness marks and UK hallmarks – how to read and date British silver.
Quick answer

925 = sterling silver (92.5% pure). 950 = Britannia silver (95% pure). 800 = continental silver (80% pure). British hallmarks include the assay office mark (e.g. London leopard’s head, Birmingham anchor, Sheffield rose, Edinburgh castle), a metal/fineness mark (e.g. 925 or lion passant), and a sponsor’s/maker’s mark. A date letter (optional since 1999) shows the year of assay—each office uses a letter that changes annually; full date letter tables are available on specialist sites.

Common marks:

  • 925, Sterling, lion passant = sterling silver. 950, Britannia figure = Britannia silver.
  • EPNS, EPBM, A1 = silver plated, not solid silver.
Key takeaways
  • UK compulsory marks: assay office, numerical fineness (or traditional fineness mark), sponsor’s/maker’s mark. Date letter and lion passant have been optional since 1 January 1999.
  • To date British silver: identify the assay office from the town mark, then look up the date letter in that office’s cycle. Date letters change each year; font and shield shape change each cycle to avoid repetition.
  • We pay £1.12–£1.30 per gram for sterling (925). Get a free valuation for hallmarked or unmarked silver.

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Table of contents
  1. What Are Silver Purity Marks? (925, 950, 800)
  2. British Hallmark Components
  3. How to Date British Silver: Date Letters
  4. UK Assay Offices: Interactive Guide
  5. Fineness Marks at a Glance
  6. Silver Plated vs Solid Silver Marks
  7. 925 vs 950 vs 800 Comparison
  8. FAQs
  9. Related Guides

What Are Silver Purity Marks? (925, 950, 800)

Silver purity marks (fineness marks) show how much pure silver is in the item, usually in parts per thousand. The most common in the UK and internationally are:

925

Sterling silver

92.5% pure silver, 7.5% other metals (usually copper). Standard for UK jewellery, flatware, and tableware. Also marked Sterling, STG, or lion passant.

950

Britannia silver

95% pure silver. UK Britannia standard; often marked with the Britannia figure. Slightly higher value per gram than 925.

800

Continental silver

80% pure silver. Common on European tableware and older German/Italian pieces. Lower value per gram than 925/950.

999

Fine silver

99.9% pure silver. Too soft for most jewellery; used in bullion and some specialist pieces.

925, 900 and 850 silver purity marks comparison
Comparing different silver fineness marks.

British Hallmark Components

A full British hallmark has at least three compulsory elements (since 1999): the assay office mark, a numerical fineness mark (e.g. 925), and the sponsor’s or maker’s mark. Traditionally, the lion passant (English sterling) or Britannia (950) and a date letter were also used; both are now optional.

  • Sponsor’s/maker’s mark – Identifies who submitted the item (usually initials in a shield).
  • Metal and fineness mark – Purity: 925, 950, or the traditional lion passant (sterling) / Britannia figure (950).
  • Assay office mark – Which UK office tested the item (London, Birmingham, Sheffield, Edinburgh—see below).
  • Date letter (optional) – Indicates the year of assay; font and shield shape change each cycle so the same letter can be identified to a specific year.
Examining British silver hallmarks with a loupe
Using a loupe to read small hallmark details.

How to Date British Silver: Date Letters

British and Irish assay offices use a date letter to show the year an item was hallmarked. Each office has its own sequence: the letter (and sometimes style of letter or shield) changes every year, so once you know the office you can look up the year in that office’s date-letter table.

London introduced date letters in 1477; they originally changed on the day the Guild wardens were elected (St Dunstan’s Day, 19 May) until the Restoration, then 29 May. From 1975, all British assay offices have changed their date letter on 1 January each year. Since 1 January 1999 the date letter and the traditional fineness mark (e.g. lion passant) have been optional; the compulsory marks are the assay office mark, numerical fineness, and sponsor’s mark.

Where to look up date letters

To date your silver: (1) identify the assay office from the town mark (e.g. leopard’s head = London, anchor = Birmingham, rose = Sheffield, castle = Edinburgh). (2) Find the date letter on the item. (3) Use a date letter table for that office to match the letter (and shield style if applicable) to the year.

For comprehensive date letter tables by assay office (London, Birmingham, Sheffield, Edinburgh, Chester, Dublin, Exeter, Glasgow, Newcastle, York), see Silver Makers’ Marks – Silver Date Marks. We do not reproduce their tables here; we recommend using that resource or the assay offices’ own guides for exact year identification.

UK Assay Offices: Interactive Guide

Each assay office has a distinct town mark. The four current UK offices are London, Birmingham, Sheffield, and Edinburgh. Historic offices (no longer assaying) include Chester, Dublin, Exeter, Glasgow, Newcastle, and York. Click through to view date letter tables for each office on an external resource.

🐆

London

Leopard’s head. In use since the 1300s; Goldsmiths’ Hall.

Date letters →

Birmingham

Anchor. Established 1773.

Date letters →
🌹

Sheffield

Rose (originally crown). Established 1773.

Date letters →
🏰

Edinburgh

Castle. Chartered 1687; lion rampant for fineness.

Date letters →

Chester

Historic. Sword and wheat sheaf.

Date letters →
🏛

Dublin

Historic (Irish). Harp crowned.

Date letters →

Exeter

Historic. Latin cross.

Date letters →
🐟

Glasgow

Historic. Fish, tree, bell.

Date letters →

Newcastle

Historic. Three castles.

Date letters →

York

Historic. Half leopard, half lily.

Date letters →

Fineness Marks at a Glance

Click a mark to see a short description. These are the marks we see most often when valuing silver.

925
Sterling
92.5% silver. UK standard. Lion passant = same. We pay £1.12–£1.30/g for sterling.
950
Britannia
95% silver. Britannia figure mark. Slightly higher per gram than 925.
800
Continental
80% silver. European tableware. Lower per gram than 925.
999
Fine
99.9% silver. Bullion and some specialist pieces.
Lion
Lion passant
English sterling (925). Optional since 1999.
Brit.
Britannia
950 silver. Figure of Britannia. Optional since 1999.

Silver Plated vs Solid Silver Marks

Plated items have a thin layer of silver over a base metal and are not solid silver. They have much lower scrap value. Look for these marks:

Silver plated vs 925 sterling comparison
Silver plated vs solid sterling – marks and wear.
EPNS

Electroplated Nickel Silver

Not solid silver
EPBM

Electroplated Britannia Metal

Not solid silver
A1 / AA

Quality grade (plated)

Not solid silver
Silver Plated

Thin silver coating

Not solid silver
EPNS silver plated mark on cutlery
EPNS mark – electroplated, not solid silver.

At wear points, plated items often show base metal (yellow or grey). Solid 925 or 950 stays the same colour throughout. See how to tell if silver is real.

Examining silver wear points to identify plating
Checking wear points to spot silver plating.

925 vs 950 vs 800: Comparison

MarkPurityOther namesTypical useValue per gram (approx)
92592.5%SterlingJewellery, flatware, tableware£1.12–£1.30
95095%BritanniaHigher-grade piecesSlightly higher
80080%ContinentalEuropean tablewareLower than 925

Prices are indicative; we pay £1.12–£1.30 per gram for sterling. Antique or collectable value can add to scrap.

Get a Free Silver Valuation

Send photos of your hallmarks and items for a no-obligation offer. We value 925, 950, 800, and antique silver.

Mixed silver items ready for valuation
We value all types of silver: 925, 950, 800, and antique hallmarked pieces.

Frequently Asked Questions

925 means sterling silver: 92.5% pure silver and 7.5% other metals (usually copper). It’s the standard for UK jewellery, cutlery, and tableware.

Yes. 950 is 95% pure silver (Britannia silver in the UK). It contains more silver per gram than 925.

Yes. 800 silver is 80% pure and has scrap value; it’s worth less per gram than 925 or 950. Heavier items can still be valuable.

Sterling is marked 925, Sterling, or lion passant. Plated is marked EPNS, EPBM, A1, or “Silver Plated”. At wear points, plated shows base metal.

EPNS = Electroplated Nickel Silver. A thin silver layer over base metal. Not solid silver; minimal scrap value.

Identify the assay office (e.g. London leopard’s head, Birmingham anchor), then find the date letter on the item. Use a date letter table for that office (e.g. silvermakersmarks.co.uk) to find the year. Date letters have been optional since 1999.

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